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ICLEI CCP Publications & Resources

The following CCP publications are produced and/or distributed by ICLEI. For a complete, searchable, list of ICLEI publications visit our online Publications Catalogue.

Australian Int'l Case - Ajax, Ontario, Canada - Landfill Diversion of Waste Wood
Part of the Australian International Case Series. NOTE: Australian Case Studies are available to CCP Members only
English - Product Code:

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Australian Int'l Case - City of Boulder, USA - Hop and Skip Transit
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS27

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Australian Int'l Case - City of Vaxjo, Sweden - Fossil Fuel-Free Vaxjo
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS28

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Australian Int'l Case - European Municipal Green Fleets Project: Buy Efficient
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS25

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Australian Int'l Case - Kyoto, Japan - Kyoto City Eco-Office Plan
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS34

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Australian Int'l Case - Portland, USA - BEST (Businesses for a Sustainable Tomorrow) Program
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS29

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Australian Int'l Case - Portland, USA - Powering Fuel Cells With Renewable Resources
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS26

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Australian Int'l Case - Puerto Princesa - Feast of the Forest
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS33

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Australian Int'l Case - Santa Monica, USA - Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS24

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Australian Int'l Case - Seattle, USA - Climate Wise Local Government/Industrial Partnership
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS35

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Australian Int'l Case - Sudbury, Ontario, Canada - Sudbury Region Strategic Energy Planning
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS32

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Australian Int'l Case - Toronto, Canada - Green$aver Home Energy Service
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS23

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Australian Int'l Case - Toronto, Canada; Bremen, Germany - Car Sharing
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS22

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Australian Int'l Case - Toronto, Ontario, Canada - Keele Valley Landfill Gas to Energy Project
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS31

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Australian Int'l Case - Vancouver Regional District, Canada - Regional Solid Waste Management Plan
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS21

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Australian Int'l Case - Viernheim, Germany - Brundtland Town Project
Part of the Australian International Case Series
English - Product Code: AUS20

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Australian National Case-ACT House Energy Rating Scheme (ACTHERS), ACT Government
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS12

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Australian National Case-Burnside Millennuim Project Goes Renewable, City of Burnside, SA
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS3

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Australian National Case-City Centre Skyline Policy, City of Mandurah, WA
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS13

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Australian National Case-Community-Run Commuting on the Urban-Rural Fringe, Shire of Macedon Ranges
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS10

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Australian National Case-Developers Choose Sustainable Path, Newington Urban Village Auburn Council
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS17

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Australian National Case-Energy Efficient (Energy Star) Office Equipment, City of Adelaide, SA
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS5

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Australian National Case-From Garden Waste to Green Organics, Marion Council, SA
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS19

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Australian National Case-Green Power: Moreland Leads the Way, Moreland City Council, VIC
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS9

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Australian National Case-Greenwaste: responses to local problems, City of Port Phillip, Victoria
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS8

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Australian National Case-Liverpool Natural Gas Vehicle Project, Liverpool City Council, NSW
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS1

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Australian National Case-Newcastle Green Energy Project
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS4

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Australian National Case-Office Lighting Retrofits, Maroochy Shire, OLD and Tweed Shire Councils
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS2

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Australian National Case-Pine Rivers Renewables Demonstration Project, Pine Rivers Shire Council
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS6

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Australian National Case-Powering Up from Sewage: waste water treatment plant, Brisbane
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS7

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Australian National Case-Residential Energy Efficiency Initiatives, Armidale City Council. NSW
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS15

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Australian National Case-Showcasing Energy Efficient Residential Design, Maroochy Shire Council, QLD
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS16

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Australian National Case-Shuffling the Transport Deck, Fremantle City Council, WA
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS11

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Australian National Case-Waste to Energy Project, Town of Kwinana, WA
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS18

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Australian National Case-Where Everyone ís Going Solar, Leichhardt Council, NSW
Part of the Australian National Case Studies.
English - Product Code: AUS14

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Automobile Trip Reduction Programs for Municipal Employees
This CCP Policy and Practice Manual provides local governments with practical advice and real solutions that will help them develop Trip Reduction Programs (TRP) for employees. The manual covers the need and importance of TRPs, how they work, and the elements that can make them successful. Examples from local governments that have already implemented TRPs demonstrate how they have been applied in the real world .
33 pages,1996, English - Product Code: EWS12

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Berlin Communiqu� (to the COP1)
Municipal Leaders' Communiqu� to the First Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
5 pages,1995, English - Product Code: ES62e

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Berliner Kommuniqu�
Kommuniqué der B�rgermeister und Stadtdirektoren an die Erste Vertragsstaatenkonferenz des Rahmen�bereinkommens der Vereinten Nationen �ber Klimaver�nderungen
5 pages,1995, German - Product Code: ES63

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Better Public Transport for Europe - A Good Practice Guide
The guide sets out how local authorities have improved the environmental and quality standards and increased efficiency in urban public transport through preparing for and undertaking competitive tendering. The case studies are based in G�teborg, Sweden; Helsinki, Finland; Dijon, France and Frankfurt (Oder), Bocholt, Frankfurt/Main and the Region of Hannover in Germany
40 pages,2003, English - Product Code: ES 175

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Briefing Book on Climate Change 'Saving the Climate, Saving the Cities - a municipal agenda'
87 pages,1993, English - Product Code: ES35

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Case Study 11 - Electronic Conferencing - Public Technology Inc., USA
An electronic conference saves money and time and reduces resource (paper) and energy consumption compared with a "traditional" conference. Participants do not need to travel and information does not need to be printed - access is via personal computer from office or home. Electronic conferencing makes efficient use of scarce time, money, and resources while allowing the research and planning necessary to implement new programs and management techniques
4 pages,1992, English - Product Code: CS11

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Case Study 11 - Electronic Conferencing - Public Technology Inc., USA
An electronic conference saves money and time and reduces resource (paper) and energy consumption compared with a 'traditional' conference. Participants do not need to travel and information does not need to be printed - access is via personal computer from office or home. Electronic conferencing makes efficient use of scarce time, money, and resources while allowing the research and planning necessary to implement new programs and management techniques
4 pages,1992, Japanese - Product Code: JOC11

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Case Study 32 - Connecting Land Use and Energy - Victoria, Australia
The goal of the Greenhouse Neighborhood Project was 'to explore and quantify the relationship between greenhouse gas emissions, energy requirements and the form and design of new neighborhoods on the urban fringe of Melbourne, the capital city of the State of Victoria.' The concept of the 'greenhouse neighborhood' means a community whose design is meant to reduce energy use compared with existing design and development practices. The project sought to develop effective design principles for urban neighborhoods that are cost effective and that create livable communities.
6 pages,1995, English - Product Code: CS32

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Case Study 33 - Comprehensive Solar Energy Initiative - Saarbr�cken, Germany
In 1986, in a collaborative effort with the Stadtwerke Saarbr�cken (the municipally owned utility) and the state of the Saarland, Saarbr�cken set out to develop what has become Europe's leading solar demonstration initiative at the municipal level. Furthermore, Saarbr�cken recently broadened its solar energy initiatives as a strategic part of its greenhouse gas Local Action Plan, thereby paving the way for solar energy to be considered as a possible greenhouse gas reduction measure in municipalities located in northern latitudes.
6 pages,1995, English - Product Code: CS33

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Case Study 34 - Urban Infrastructure Development - Surabaya, Indonesia
Surabaya's Kampung Improvement Program has improved the standard of living in low-income kampungs, by facilitating infrastructure improvements, such as concrete footpaths, drains, toilets, washing facilities, schools, and public health facilities. These improvements are creating livable neighborhoods that coincidentally use less energy and produce fewer greenhouse gas emissions than suburban sprawl.
6 pages,1995, English - Product Code: CS34

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Case Study 36 - Integration of Transportation and Land Use Policies - Portland USA
Portland has integrated its land-use and transportation policies in order to encourage future growth that reduces automobile dependency. It has developed an integrated Regional Transportation Plan that enhances pedestrian access, transit, and bicycle use within its Urban Growth Boundary. If successful, Portland's future urban form will be more compact and energy-efficient, as well as more attractive and livable than it is at present.
8 pages,1995, English - Product Code: CS36

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Case Study 37 - Greening the City - Chicago, USA
Urbanization, by replacing landscapes of vegetation with concrete, has made cities warmer. This effect is called the 'urban heat island effect.' Urban greening, especially the planting of trees, cools city air. This cuts down on the amount of fossil fuels needed to generate electricity, thereby reducing CO2 emissions. The city of Chicago has began an interdepartmental Greening Initiative aimed at reducing the urban heat island effect.
6 pages,1995, English - Product Code: CS37

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Case Study 38 - Limiting Automobile Use - Singapore
The explosion in car use in cities in the emerging economies has resulted in increasingly severe traffic congestion and air pollution locally. Singapore is one of few local governments that has successfully implemented congestion pricing within a comprehensive transportation initiative, resulting in higher public transit use and lower energy consumption and car emissions.
6 pages,1995, English - Product Code: CS38

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Case Study 39 - Wind Energy Development - Tamil Nadu, India
Wind power is economic today, successfully competing against fossil fuel power stations in countries like India that enjoy plentiful coal reserves. India's State of Tamil Nadu has successfully developed one of the world's largest wind farms, demonstrating the potential role of renewable energy in reducing India's future growth in carbon dioxide emissions.
6 pages,1995, English - Product Code: CS39

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Case Study 4 - Energy Conservation-Finance - Saarbr�cken, Germany
As the importance of preventing global warming has come to be appreciated, technologies have be en developed to assist in energy efficiencyand conservation. These technologies have now become established and the next and more difficult phase of the conservation process must take place: the wide distribution of this technology to business and residential customers. It is the goal of this program to reduce the dependence of the citizens of Saarbr�cken on fossil fuels as a part of an overall economic development strategy to eventually convert the economy of the city to one based not on the coal industry that now exists, but rather one based on non-polluting renewable energies.
4 pages,1992, English - Product Code: CS04

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Case Study 40 - Altering the Commuting Behavior of Municipal Employees - Los Angeles, USA
Faced with the worst air quality in the United States, the City of Los Angeles provides incentives to encourage its employees to make use of various alternatives to commuting to work by car. The program has resulted in an improved modal split, and significant reductions in vehicle miles traveled, emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants.
6 pages,1995, English - Product Code: CS40

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Case Study 41 - Promoting Energy Efficiency in Municipal Fleets - Denver USA
Municipalities operate vehicle fleets in order to deliver essential services to the com munity. Reducing the amount of fuel their fleets consume saves money and provides leadership in the reduction of fossil fuel emissions. Denver has implemented an award-winning program of fleet energy use reduction that is reducing greenhouse gas emissions without compromising the quality of service.
6 pages,1995, English - Product Code: CS41

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Case Study 42 - Police Bicycle Patrol - Dayton, USA
The purpose of municipal police is to serve and protect the city's citizens. Dayton, Ohio through their Police on Bikes program has found that alternative modes of service delivery can yield significant benefits. Not only does it result in enhanced duty performance, but it also improves the relationship between the police and members of the public, saves money and reduces the emission of air pollutants and greenhouse gases.
6 pages,1997, English - Product Code: CS42

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Case Study 43 - Telecommuting Promotion Program - Chula Vista, USA
Increased traffic congestion, deteriorating air quality, and the threat of global warming make the need to reduce vehicle use obvious. The city of Chula Vista, through its Telecommunicating Promotion program, are aiming to become a leader in the use of telecommunicating to reduce vehicle trips.
6 pages,1996, English - Product Code: CS43

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Case Study 44 - Driver Education Fuel Savings Incentive Program - Edmonton, Canada
Municipal vehicle use accounts for a significant portion of the city of Edmonton's energy use and carbon dioxide emissions. The city developed a Driver Education Fuel Savings Incentive Program to improve municipal driving techniques that increase fuel economy. The program has enabled the city to play a community leadership role, save money, reduce carbon dioxide and other air pollutant emissions, and help educate municipal employees on the problem of climate change.
6 pages,1997, English - Product Code: CS44

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Case Study 51 - Maplewood Jitney Program - Maplewood, USA
Community involvement in developing alternatives to the traditional, automobile-oriented responses to traffic congestion can lead to innovative programs. By providing frequent and direct public transit to commuter railway stations, residents no longer need to drive their cars, thereby reducing traffic congestion, air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, as well as decreasing the need for additional parking facilities.
6 pages,1998, English - Product Code: CS51

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Case Study 55 - Partnerships with Residents and Businesses - Seattle, USA
Through its Neighborhood Matching Fund, the City of Seattle enters into numerous new partnerships with community groups each year, empowering local residents to make positive changes in their neighborhoods.
6 pages,2000, English - Product Code: CS55

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Case Study 56 - Energy Management and CO2 Reduction - Regional Municipality of Sudbury, Canada
Through its Energy Management and CO2 Reduction program, the Regional Municipality of Sudbury is assured of reaching its efficiency targets from thorough and methodical identification of potential energy savings, coupled with continuous involvement of council staff. The Region's program focuses on the potential to improve the local environment, create a healthier community, create jobs, and save money. The broader issue of reducing greenhouse gas missions is an obvious goal of the program's outcome.
6 pages,2000, English - Product Code: CS56

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Case Study 57 - Comprehensive Fossil Fuel Reduction Program - V�j�, Sweden
The Fuel Free V�j� program aims to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide for the entire municipality by 50 percent per capita by 2010, as compared to 1993 levels, and to stop using fossil fuels in the municipal administration.
6 pages,2001, English - Product Code: CS57

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Case Study 72 - Job Creation through Energy Efficiency, Heidelberg, Germany
In 1999, a regional Energy Efficiency Agency was initiated as a way to combine local employment efforts and climate protection measures while bringing in participatory methods of working through stakeholder involvement.
6 pages,2001, English - Product Code: CS72

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Case Study 73 - Local Agenda Network for Employment, Helsingborg, Sweden
From January to September 2001, Helsingborg participated in a project for local action planning for employment. The aim was to find strategies for creating sustainable long-term employment using a five-step Local Agenda 21 methodology.
6 pages,2001, English - Product Code: CS73

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Case Study 74 - Jobs Through Sustainability, Hannover, Germany
Improving the energy efficiency of buildings is one way to reduce CO2, while at the same time creating employment in the of retrofitting buildings. By undertaking these types of projects among others, Hannover's Jobs Through Sustainability has lead to the creation or maintenance of more than 270 work places (2000), private investments in energy efficiency retrofits of more than 12 million Euro (2000), and reductions of almost 6,000 tonnes of CO2 per year (2001).
6 pages,2001, English - Product Code: CS74

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Case Study 80 - Developing a Resilient City in Kobe, Japan
This case study focuses on the City of Kobe's achievements in repairing the physical, social and economic degradation resulting from a major earthquake and at the same time, finding methods to prevent loss of life and other damages in the future.
8 pages,2002, English - Product Code: CS80

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http://www3.iclei.org/localstrategies/

Case Study 84 - An International Framework for Local Action: Cities for Climate Protection Campaign
This case study focuses on ICLEI's Cities for Climate Protection Campaign which enables local governments to integrate measurable climate change emission reductions into local practice, policies and actions that address immediate municipal concerns.
6 pages,2002, English - Product Code: CS84

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Case Study 86 - Moving the Economy, Toronto, Canada
This case study focuses on urban transportation -- finding ways to encourage businesses and government to innovate and invest in sustainable transportation (new mobility).
6 pages,2002, English - Product Code: CS86

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Case Study 87 - Greenhouse Gas Reduction Initiatives - Toronto, Canada
In January 1990, the City of Toronto made an official commitment to reduce the citys net carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 20% relative to 1988 levels by 2005. In 1999, the newly amalgamated City of Toronto reaffirmed its commitment to reach this target by 2010. Programs under agencies such as the citys Energy Efficiency Office, the Toronto Atmospheric Fund, and the Better Buildings Partnership have worked to reduce energy use in the city. As a result of these programs, agencies and partnerships, Toronto has seen reductions in energy and waste management-related emissions even while the citys population continues to grow.
7 pages,2003, English - Product Code: CS87

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Case Study 88 - Energy Conservation in Hotels, Calvi� , Spain
By working with hotels to reduce their energy consumption, municipalities can positively affect greenhouse gas emissions, reduce the use of water and other natural resources, and also influence the environmental behavior of guests, staff, and suppliers.
6 pages,2003, English - Product Code: CS88

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Case Study 89 -- Renewable Energy in Low-income Housing, Betim, Brazil
The Itacolomi Housing Project aimed to improve the quality of life in Itacolomi, a low-income community located in the Municipality of Betim. Through the installation of solar water heaters to provide hot showers in each housing unit, the city sought to reduce the cost of electrical energy consumption shouldered by the families in the Itacolomi community.
6 pages,2004, English - Product Code: CS89

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Case Study 90 - Energy and Resource Efficiency in Building Construction and Management
Designing and constructing buildings for sustainability can have a strong impact on the environment, the economy and the building's users. Because biuldings are expensive, long-term projects, it is crucial to address issues such as energy and resource efficiency in order to achieve long-term sustainability goals. This case study gives pertinent information on the City of Zurich's 7 Mile Steps Program, a unique program that uses Zurich's energy and environmental policy and technical expertise to increase resource efficiency and indoor environmental quality in buildings while promoting long-term sustaiable development practices.
8 pages,2005, English - Product Code: CS90

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Cities at Risk
The Cities at Risk report is designed to increase awareness of the potential impacts of climate change on US urban areas. With generous support from the US Environmental Protection Agency, Cities at Risk carefully examines the potential threats of the greenhouse effect to the whold community and to municipal infrastructure, human health, life, property and urban economies. Case studies from five US cities - Boston, Chicago, New Orleans, Seattle and Denver - are presented
77 pages,1998, English - Product Code: WS31

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Cities for Climate Protection
By Jeb Brugmann and Philip Jessup. This document, prepared for the first Municipal Leaders' Summit on Climate Change and the Urban Environment, held at the United Nations in January 1993, presents an international campaign to strengthen local governments' ability to develop and implement municipal energy policies that reduce local emissions of greenhouse gases. The document also contains the Municipal Leaders' Declaration on Climate Change and the Urban Environment.
17 pages,1993, English - Product Code: WS18

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Clean the Air and Protect the Climate
Alternative Fuels, Fuel Efficiency and Fleet Reduction
English - Product Code: WSO02

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Commuting in the Greenhouse - Automobile Trip Reduction Programs for Municipal Employees
This CCP Policy and Practice Manual provides local governments with practical advice and real solutions that will help them develop Trip Reduction Programs (TRP) for employees. The manual covers the need and importance of TRPs, how they work, and the elements that can make them successful. Examples from local governments that have already implemented TRPs demonstrate how they have been applied in the real world .
33 pages,1996, English - Product Code: WS12

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Commuting in the Greenhouse - Green Fleets
A CCP Policy and Practice Manual, Green Fleets- A Guide to Increasing Efficiency and Reducing Emissions from Municipal Fleets, offers Practical advice and real examples of how communities can reduce the costs and pollution associated with municipal fleets.
38 pages,1997, English - Product Code: EWS22

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Commuting in the Greenhouse -- discount package
Commuting in the Greenhouse - Automobile Trip Reduction Programs for Municipal Employees is a CCP Policy and Practice Manual which provides local governments with practical advice and solutions that will help them develop Trip Reduction Programs (TRP) for employees. The manual covers the importance of TRPs, how they work, and elements to success. Some case examples demonstrate how they have been applied in the real world (1996, 33 pages, English).
Commuting in the Greenhouse - Green Fleets: A CCP Policy and Practice Manual, Green Fleets: A Guide to Increasing Efficiency and Reducing Emissions from Municipal Fleets offers Practical advice and examples of how communities can reduce the costs and pollution associated with municipal fleets (1997, 38 pages, English).
33 pages,1996, English - Product Code: WS37

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conexion clima
ccp newletter lacs
16 pages,2002, Spanish - Product Code:

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Criteria for Local Government Participation in GHG Trading
A summary of the criteria municipalities need to take into account when considering participating in carbon trading.
English - Product Code: WSO03

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Das Procura+ Handbuch (2. Auflage)
The Procura+ Manual provides clear, easy-to-understand guidance for any public authority on how to implement sustainable procurement in practice - no matter what size or level of experience. Auf Deutsch: Das Procura+ Handbuch ist ein praktischer, einfach zu gebrauchender Leitfaden, mit dem jede �ffentliche Einrichtung � egal welcher Gr��e oder mit welchem Erfahrungshintergrund � eine nachhaltige Beschaffung in die Praxis umsetzen kann.
100 pages,2007, German - Product Code:

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Data Management Sheets - Alternative Fuels and How to Use the CCP� Software
English - Product Code: AUS44

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Data Management Sheets - Corporate Greenwaste and Recyclable Organics
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Data Management Sheets - Council Vehicle Fleet Information Management
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Data Management Sheets - Councill Buildings
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Data Management Sheets - How Are We Travelling?
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Data Management Sheets - Increasing Public Transport Options
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Data Management Sheets - Specialised Vehicles and Equipment
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Data Management Sheets - Streetlighting
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Data Management Sheets - The Art of Forecasting for the CCP� Campaign
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Data Management Sheets - Water and Sewage Data Management
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Design of a Canadian Municipal Carbon Emissions Trade - Principles, Framework, and Implementation
English - Product Code: WSO04

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Design of a Canadian Municipal Carbon Emissions Trade - Principles, Framework, and Implementation
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Die 6 Kouvola-Thesen �ber Europ�ischen Verkehr f�r zukunftsbest�ndige Regionen und St�dte
Verabschiedet von den Teilnehmern der Konferenz �ber zukunftsbest�ndigen interregionalen Verkehr in Europa, Kouvola 1996
5 pages,1996, German - Product Code: ES88

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El Manual Procura+ (2a edici�) Catal� version
The Procura+ Manual provides clear, easy-to-understand guidance for any public authority on how to implement sustainable procurement in practice - no matter what size or level of experience. El manual Procura+ �s una guia de compra p�blica sostenible de f�cil aplicaci� adre�ada a tots els ens locals europeus sigui quin sigui el seu nivell d�experi�ncia en aquest �mbit.
94 pages,2007, - Product Code:

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Emissions Trading: A Canadian Primer
A summary of the design of a Canadian municipal carbon emissions trade.
English - Product Code: WSO05

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Energiesparendes Wohnen und Leben in der VG Kandel: Handlungsgprogramm 2007 - 2017
Sustainability report in the frame of �Projekt 21 � Nachhaltigkeit messen und konsequent handeln�, based on generic vs. developed by ICLEI
36 pages,2007, German - Product Code:

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Energy Fact Sheet - Acid Rain
Acid rain is a term which is used to describe a variety of processes which might more accurately be referred to as acidic deposition. Natural rainfall is slightly acidic due to dissolved carbon dioxide, picked up in the atmosphere. Organisms and ecosystems all over the planet have adapted to the slightly acidic nature of normal rain, and thus it poses no environmental problems. It is an increase in the acidity of rain, caused by human activities such as the combustion of fossil fuels, that has turned acid rain into a problem. Highly acidic rain can damage or destroy aquatic life, forests, crops and buildings, as well as posing a threat to human health.
4 pages,1994, English - Product Code: EFS1

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Energy Fact Sheet - Alternate Fuels
At the present time, virtually all of the world's transportation needs are supplied by fuels derived from petroleum, also known as crude oil. Gasoline, diesel and jet fuel are examples of transportation fuels that are produced from petroleum. Petroleum products have become popular because of their extremely high energy density and their ease of handling. A high energy density means that on-board fuel storage is minimized and a vehicle can travel long distances between refueling.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS2

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Energy Fact Sheet - Automobile and the Environment
The transportation needs of most North Americans are met almost exclusively by the private automobile. The automobile has allowed a freedom of movement unequaled in human history, and has become a status symbol important to our culture. It has recently become apparent though, that the convenience of the automobile comes only at a heavy cost to the environment.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS3

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Energy Fact Sheet - Biomass Energy
Biomass, defined as all land and water based vegetation as well as all organic wastes, fulfilled almost all of humankind's energy needs prior to the industrial revolution. All biomass is produced by green plants converting sunlight into plant material through photosynthesis. As recently as 1850, 91% of the total US energy consumption was biomass in the form of wood. Since the industrial revolution, the majority of the developed world's energy requirements have been met by the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. Biomass, however, is still the predominant form of energy used by people in the less developed countries, accounting for 14% of world energy use.
4 pages,1994, English - Product Code: EFS4

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Energy Fact Sheet - Coal
Coal has been used as a fuel since about 1000 B.C. Although coal is abundant in most parts of the world, it was not used extensively for fuel until the industrial revolution. The transition from wood as the main source of fuel to coal which occurred at this time was a result of dwindling fuel-wood supplies and the superior energy content of coal. It was the need to pump water out of coal mines that resulted in the first use of the steam engine. From that point until the end of the 19th century when oil and natural gas came on the scene, coal was the fuel which drove the industrial revolution.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS5

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Energy Fact Sheet - Cogeneration
In Canada and most industrialized countries, the biggest single wastage of energy occurs at power plants when fossil fuels are burned to produce electricity. Traditional coal, oil or natural gas fired thermal generating stations convert only about one-third of the initial energy contained within the fuel into useful electricity. The remainder of the energy is discarded as heat without serving any useful purpose. Approximately 15% of Canada's primary energy use is wasted as conversion losses in power plants. Instead of discarding the heat generated by thermal power plants, it is possible to harness it and use it for process heat (steam) in many industries or as lower temperature heat suitable for space heating in buildings.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS6

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Energy Fact Sheet - Economics: the Real Cost
What are the real costs of energy? On the surface, this would seem to be a simple question to answer. In Ontario, anybody can go down to the local service station and purchase gasoline for approximately $0.55-0.60 per litre. Similarly at home, people can turn on a light switch, effectively purchasing electricity from Ontario Hydro at a set price, currently about $0.09 per kilowatt hour (kwh). These are the costs charged to consumers; but they do not necessarily represent the total costs placed on society as a whole, by the use of energy.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS7

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Energy Fact Sheet - Energy Efficiency in the Home
In Canada, the average household uses 141 gigajoules (GJ) of energy each year, in the form of electricity, natural gas, heating oil, propane, kerosene and wood. These fuels provide energy for space heating and cooling, water heating, and appliances such as refrigerators and lights. Residential homes account for approximately 22% of Canada's energy use. In Canada, the United States and many other industrialized countries, the cost of energy such as electricity, natural gas and heating oil was very low, prior to the 'oil crisis' of 1973. Most existing homes and apartments were built before this time, and therefore were not designed with energy efficiency in mind. Although building standards have been improved in recent years, the majority of homes are still very inefficient, using much more energy than technically possible.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS8

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Energy Fact Sheet - Energy From Waste
Many different types of waste can be converted into useful energy. The forest products industry makes extensive use of wood wastes to generate heat and electricity. Similarly, in many countries agricultural wastes are a significant source of energy. The process of converting waste to energy is very dependent on the composition of the waste, and therefore it is difficult to provide a comprehensive overview for all types of waste. For this reason, municipal solid waste will be looked at as a representative example.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS9

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Energy Fact Sheet - Fuel Cell
Fuel cells are electrochemical devices which directly convert hydrogen, or hydrogen-rich fuels into electricity without combustion. This process is much more efficient than traditional thermal power plants, converting up to 80% of the chemical energy in the fuel into electricity (compared to a maximum of 40% for conventional power plants). Although their structure is somewhat like that of a battery, fuel cells never need recharging or replacing and can consistently produce electricity as long as they are supplied with hydrogen and oxygen. Fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas), biomass (plant material) or pure hydrogen can be used as the source of fuel. If pure hydrogen is used, the emissions from a fuel cell are only electricity and water.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS10

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Energy Fact Sheet - Geothermal Energy
Geothermal energy is energy recovered from the heat of the earth's core. In nature, geothermal heat shows up in the form of volcanoes, hot springs and geysers. For thousands of years, humans have used naturally occurring hot springs for bathing. More recently, geothermal energy has been used to generate electricity, and to provide heat for homes and industries. Geothermal energy is a versatile and reliable source of heat and electricity which generally produces none of the greenhouse gases associated with the combustion of fossil fuels. Unfortunately, the best geothermal resources are concentrated in areas of volcanic activity and are not widely distributed. California, Iceland, Italy, New Zealand and Japan are all areas where geothermal energy is used on a significant scale.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS11

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Energy Fact Sheet - Global Warming
In June 1992, many nations from around the world, including Canada, signed a 'Climate Change Convention', pledging to adopt policies which would limit their emissions of 'greenhouse gases'. This convention was a response to a growing consensus among atmospheric scientists that certain gases released into the atmosphere by human activities will cause the planet's surface to warm. Records show that the earth's surface air temperatures have increased by about 0.5°C in the last 85 years.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS12

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Energy Fact Sheet - Greenhouse Gases
A buildup of certain gases in the earth's atmosphere threatens to significantly increase the planet's temperature in the next century. These 'greenhouse' gases which are a result of human activities, referred to as 'anthropogenic'; contribute to global warming by trapping heat within the earth's atmosphere rather than allowing it to radiate out into space. The most important greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide (CO2) which is responsible for about two thirds of the potential warming to date; but methane (CH4), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), nitrous oxide (N2O) and several other gases trap more heat per molecule than CO2 and are becoming increasingly important. There is a great deal of uncertainty regarding the magnitude of the potential change, but the best global climate models are predicting a planetary warming of 1.5-4 °C by the end of the 21st century.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS13

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Energy Fact Sheet - Heavy Industry
In Canada, the industrial sector accounts for approximately one third of all energy consumed. Heavy industries are generally those involved with processing raw materials. Steel-making, pulp and paper mills, aluminum smelters and petroleum refineries are examples of heavy industries. These industries are very energy intensive, and are responsible for the majority of industrial energy use. In recent years, the portion of overall energy use resulting from heavy industries has been decreasing in most industrialized countries such as Canada. This is due to a combination of industrial process efficiency and an economic shift away from raw materials processing, and towards manufacturing and the service industries.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS14

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Energy Fact Sheet - High Performance Windows
Windows are one of the most important aspects of a home they let in light and air as well as allowing us to see outside, and add to the outward appearance of the house. Windows can also be the greatest source of heat loss during the winter, and of heat gain during the summer. Thermal analysis of homes has shown that the daily winter energy loss from Ontario windows alone, is equal to the amount of energy produced by a nuclear power station each day. In total, approximately 4% of the energy used in Canada is lost through windows. One way to reduce this enormous heat loss is to install high-performance windows. By using some of the many new varieties of heat-saving windows available in today's market, a house's heating bill can be reduced by over 30%.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS31

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Energy Fact Sheet - Hydroelectric Power
Hydro-electric power plants convert the kinetic energy contained in falling water into electricity. The energy in flowing water is ultimately derived from the sun, and is therefore constantly being renewed. Energy contained in sunlight evaporates water from the oceans and deposits it on land in the form of rain. Differences in land elevation result in rainfall runoff, and allow some of the original solar energy to be captured as hydro-electric power (Figure 1).
1994, English - Product Code: EFS15

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Energy Fact Sheet - Manufacturing and Recycling
Manufacturing the goods that we use every day consumes a large amount of energy. Disposable items such as packaging are taken for granted, and the energy used in their production is rarely considered. Even where local governments are promoting waste reduction, the reason is most often a lack of landfill space, not a desire to save energy. Purchasing only those items that are truly necessary, as well as reusing and recycling products wherever possible, can reduce energy use in the manufacturing sector. Using recycled material as the feed-stock for manufacturing consumes far less energy than manufacturing items from virgin (raw) materials.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS16

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Energy Fact Sheet - Natural Gas
Natural gas is a gaseous mixture of light hydrocarbons which is found underground in sedimentary rock formations, often in the same location as crude oil. The most clean burning of all the fossil fuels, natural gas is now widely used for space heating as well as electricity generation. Until the past few decades, natural gas encountered while drilling for oil was often simply burned off, because the infrastructure necessary to capture the gas and transport it to potential users was not available. Today, natural gas pipelines are in place to serve a large portion of the industrialized world. Now natural gas is seen as an important economic factor in drilling for oil; and natural gas itself supplies 20% of the world's commercial energy needs.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS17

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Energy Fact Sheet - Nuclear Fission
The first large scale use of nuclear fission occurred on July 16, 1945, in New Mexico, with the test of the world's first atomic bomb. Following the Second World War, research was undertaken on how to use the power of the atom for 'peaceful' purposes. In 1955, the U.S. navy submarine 'Nautilus' travelled over 62,000 miles, powered by a single lump of uranium the size of a golf ball. Shortly thereafter, electricity was produced in commercial amounts by reactors in both the U.S. and the then Soviet Union; and Canada soon developed its own reactor design, the CANDU reactor. In the following years, nuclear reactors were envisioned as a clean and cheap source of electricity, capable of meeting vastly increased demand in the future. Miniature backyard reactors were also seen as possibilities for supplying heat to single family homes.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS18

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Energy Fact Sheet - Nuclear Fusion
The dream of harvesting energy from the same reaction that powers our sun has been around since 1920, when Arthur Eddington suggested that the energy of the sun and stars was a product of the fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium. Since the 1950's, great progress has been made in nuclear fusion research. However, the only practical application of fusion technology to date has been the 'hydrogen' or thermonuclear bomb.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS19

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Energy Fact Sheet - Ocean Energy Systems
Two-thirds of the earth's surface is covered by oceans. These bodies of water are vast reservoirs of renewable energy. In a four day period, the planet's oceans absorb an amount of thermal energy from the sun and kinetic energy from the wind equivalent to all the world's known oil reserves. Several technologies exist for harnessing these vast reserves of energy for useful purposes. The most promising are ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) and wave power plants. Both of these produce electricity from the oceans' reserves of renewable energy. As the ultimate source of energy from the oceans is the sun, ocean energy systems are renewable, have no fuel costs and are relatively nonpolluting when compared to conventional sources of energy such as coal, oil and natural gas.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS20

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Energy Fact Sheet - Oil Spills
Of all the different ways in which the industrialized world's use of energy can damage the natural environment, the most vivid for many people may be oil spills. On a seemingly regular basis, our newspapers and television screens are filled with pictures of listing tankers spilling crude oil (also known as petroleum), and oil soaked sea-birds in various stages of death. While these oil spills may be the most publicized (the Exxon Valdez for example), accidental spills from tankers account for only about 20% of the crude oil discharged into the world's oceans each year. The remaining 80% is largely a result of routine oil tanker operations such as emptying ballast tanks (Table 1). There are possible methods of reducing the amount of crude oil released into our oceans each year, but as long as vast amounts of oil are routinely transported by sea, there will be some amount of unavoidable spillage.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS21

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Energy Fact Sheet - Passive Solar Energy
Many different techniques can be used to convert sunlight into useful forms of energy. Active and passive solar energy technologies are generally used for space conditioning (heating and cooling), while solar electric technologies such as photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricity. Although the distinction between active and passive solar is blurry, the use of integral building components to capture the sun's energy is considered passive solar. Active solar technologies are generally add-on features which utilize mechanical means to distribute captured solar energy. An example of active solar energy is a solar hot water heater, while passive solar features may be as simple as south facing windows.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS22

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Energy Fact Sheet - Petroleum Fuels
Since "rock oil" was discovered near Titusville, Pennsylvania, in 1859, by a man drilling for water, crude oil, also called Petroleum, has become the world's foremost source of energy, and the backbone of our industrial society. Oil accounts for 38% of energy use worldwide. Oil's liquid form, high energy density, and relatively clean burning nature make it the most versatile of all fuels. When oil was first discovered, it was primarily used in the form of kerosene for lamps and stoves. Since that time, inventors have developed hundreds of new uses for oil, with the most prominent being the internal combustion engine.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS23

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Energy Fact Sheet - Photovoltaic Cells
Photovoltaic (PV) materials convert sunlight directly into electricity. PV technology was originally developed at the Bell laboratories in the mid 1950's. Until the oil crisis of 1973, the primary application of photovoltaics was powering satellites in space. Based on the same solid state semi-conductor technology used in transistors and computer chips, improvements over the last twenty years have allowed the cost of PV cells to come down more than twenty-fold, to levels where they are currently finding markets on earth.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS24

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Energy Fact Sheet - Radioactive Waste
Initially developed for use in weapons, in the past 30 years nuclear fission has been harnessed to produce electricity. In many ways these nuclear power plants can be seen as a 'clean' source of electricity because they do not emit the atmospheric pollutants given off by fossil fuel fired power plants. The nuclear industry has also spawned many different technologies used in medical procedures and industrial applications. Although the benefits from the nuclear industry are great they are not without their risks, for any use of nuclear energy produces some waste that is radioactive.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS25

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Energy Fact Sheet - Set of 31 Fact Sheets
The entire set of 31 Energy Fact Sheets is available for $50. This is less than half the price of purchasing all the fact sheets individually.
1994, English - Product Code: EFSet

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Energy Fact Sheet - Thermodynamics: The Second Law
Thermodynamics is the science of energy. Although scientists have argued over the proper meaning of the laws of thermodynamics, since they were fully developed in the mid 19th century, the basic significance of these laws are well understood in just about every culture on earth. Sayings such as 'You can't get something for nothing' and 'Its no good crying over spilt milk", are familiar expressions of the two laws of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics has such a profound impact upon our current economic system and way of life that many eminent physicists have tried over the years to prove that it does not necessarily apply in all situations (Figure 1). Unfortunately for industrialized cultures, the second law is one of the most universal of all scientific laws and may prove to be our downfall if its implications are ignored for much longer.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS26

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Energy Fact Sheet - Tidal Energy
In coastal areas with large tides, flowing tidal waters contain large amounts of potential energy. The principal of harnessing the energy of the tides dates back to eleventh century England when tides were used to turn waterwheels, producing mechanical power. More recently, rising and falling tides have been used to generate electricity, in much the same manner as hydroelectric power plants.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS27

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Energy Fact Sheet - Transportation
The transportation of people and goods accounts for 24% of the energy used in Canada each year. This figure includes only "mechanized" transportation such as automobiles, buses, trains, boats and airplanes. This figure does not include the energy consumed by alternatives such as walking, running, cycling, canoeing, etc. Food is the fuel for these "human powered" modes of transportation, which prove to be far more energy efficient and far less polluting than mechanized transportation. In today's world, mechanized transportation is fueled almost universally by petroleum products. In fact, transportation accounts for over 60% of our petroleum consumption.
1994, English - Product Code: EFS28

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Energy Fact Sheet - Wind Energy
Humans have harnessed the energy of the wind for over 2000 years. The first windmills were built in Persia and converted wind energy into mechanical power. Until the industrial revolution, windmills were used extensively to provide power for many purposes such as pumping water and grinding grain. Wind was second only to wood as a source of energy.
4 pages,1994, English - Product Code: EFS29

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Energy Fact Sheet - Wood
For thousands of years, since prehistoric humans started their first intentional fire, wood was the world's most common source of energy for cooking, heating and manufacturing. In fact, it has only been in the last few hundred years, since the industrial revolution, that humans have used other sources of energy such as fossil fuels. As late as the 1850's, wood supplied over 90% of the United States' energy requirements. Many countries in the developing world still use wood as their primary fuel. Half of the energy used in the continent of Africa is in the form of fuelwood.
4 pages,1994, English - Product Code: EFS30

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European Cities and Ground Level Ozone
A Guide to Regional and Municipal Action Strategies based on the Results of Scientific Investigations This booklet details the scientific facts concerning Ozone: its production and distribution and the risk it poses to humans and the environment. It suggests several measures, immediate and long-term, for municipalities and local governments to try and avoid ozone-build-up, and how to reduce ozone concentrations already present in the air. Several examples, case studies and action plans are given, along with general information on how to increase public awareness on the matter.
128 pages,1996, English - Product Code: ES69

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European Municipal Green Fleets Project - Buy Efficient

27 pages,1999, English - Product Code: ES109

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Findings and Policy Implications from the Urban CO2 Reduction Project
By Ralph Torrie. This study examines the results of an unprecedented, international, collaborative research project to quantify urban energy use patterns and to identify and analyze opportunities for local governments to take policy, planning and program initiatives which can reduce energy intensity and associated CO2 emissions in urban environments. This research sheds new light on the reasons why North American cities use so much more energy than their European counterparts (1993, 19 pages, English).
19 pages,1993, English - Product Code: WS20

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Findings and Policy Implications of the Urban CO2 Reduction Project
By Ralph Torrie. This study examines the results of an unprecedented, international, collaborative research project to quantify urban energy use patterns and to identify and analyze opportunities for local governments to take policy, planning and program initiatives which can reduce energy intensity and associated CO2 emissions in urban environments. This research sheds new light on the reasons why North American cities use so much more energy than their European counterparts (1993, 19 pages, English).
English - Product Code: EWS20

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Green Fleets - A Guide to Increasing Efficiency and Reducing Emissions from Municipal Fleets
A CCP Policy and Practice Manual, Green Fleets: A Guide to Increasing Efficiency and Reducing Emissions from Municipal Fleets, offers Practical advice and real examples of how communities can reduce the costs and pollution associated with municipal fleets .
38 pages,1997, English - Product Code: WS22

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Greener Governance in the Southern South Africa Development Community
This report contains a series of 15 case studies on communities in South Africa that have and are currently working on projects related to greener governance. The Greener Governance training program equipped the medium-sized local authorities with the tools needed to green their governance through identification of program themes identified through experts and specialists.
231 pages,2004, English - Product Code:

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Gu�a para hacer efectivos los compromisos de Aalborg
La Gu�a para la Implementaci�n de los Compromisos de Aalborg es un manual para conducir (llevar, orientar, guiar) los Gobiernos Locales paso a paso y del comienzo al fin por el Ciclo de Sostenibilidad. Apoya los gobiernos locales firmantes para responder alos requerimientos de los Compromisos de Aalborg. Proporciona un mecanismo para capacitar alos gobiernos locales a acceder m�s f�cilmente los conocimientos, recursos y otros instrumentos que puedan necesitar.
40 pages,2007, Spanish - Product Code:

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Hannover Call of European Municipal Leaders at the Turn of the 21st Century
2000, English - Product Code: WSO07

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Heidelberg Conference 'How to Combat Global Warming at the Local Level': Mayors' Declaration
2 pages,1994, English - Product Code: ES60

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Hot Cities = Dirty Air: Cool Cities = Clean Air or How to Prevent Killer Heat Waves and Save Money
This 6-page fact sheet details the steps local governments can take to mitigate the Urban Heat Island effect -- and how these actions can improve air quality, decrease the possibility of rolling blackouts, reduce the threat to public health during heat waves and prevent the pollution that causes global warming.
6 pages,2001, English - Product Code: US04

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Hot Off the Press, Fall 2001
Quarterly
2001, English - Product Code:

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Hot Off the Press, Spring 2002
Quarterly
4 pages,2002, English - Product Code:

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Hot Off the Press, US: Volume 1, Number 5
Quarterly
4 pages,2000, English - Product Code:

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Hot Off The Press, US: Volume 1, Number 6
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4 pages,2000, English - Product Code:

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Hot Off The Press, US: Volume 1, Number 7
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4 pages,2000, English - Product Code:

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Hot Off The Press, US: Volume 1, Number 8
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4 pages,2000, English - Product Code:

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Il Manuale Procura+ (Seconda edizione)
The Procura+ Manual provides clear, easy-to-understand guidance for any public authority on how to implement sustainable procurement in practice - no matter what size or level of experience. Italian: Il Manuale Procura+ fornisce linee guida chiare e semplici per qualsiasi ente pubblico su come effettuare gli acquisti pubblici sostenibili in pratica - indipendente dalla grandezza o dall'esperienza dell'ente.
100 pages,2007, - Product Code: ES 195

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Le Manuel Procura+ (2�me edition)
The Procura+ Manual provides clear, easy-to-understand guidance for any public authority on how to implement sustainable procurement in practice - no matter what size or level of experience. French: Le Manuel Procura+ fournit des conseils simples et clairs sur la fa�on de mettre en pratique l'achat responsable. Il s'adresse � toute organisation publique, quels que soient sa taille ou son niveau d'exp�rience.
96 pages,2007, French - Product Code:

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Linee Guida per l�attuazione degli Aalborg Commitments
Le Linee Guida per l�attuazione degli Aalborg Commitments nascono allo scopo di assistere e coadiuvare le autorit� locali che hanno sottoscritto gli impegni di Aalborg e che intendono attuare politiche di sviluppo sostenibile pragmatiche e strategiche. Fondamentale appare l�utilizzo di strumenti gi� esistenti, combinandoli, integrandoli e colmando eventuali lacune attraverso un approccio metodologico a 5 fasi, il Ciclo di Sostenibilit� in grado di garantire un immediato accesso a fonti, risorse e strumenti.
40 pages,2007, - Product Code:

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